Eight Pixel Pairs Value Differencing Image Steganography
Abstract
Pixel Value Differencing (PVD) and Tri Pixel Value Differencing (TPVD) steganography methods embed secret data in images based on the differences in neighboring pixels. 2 x 2 pixel square blocks are used in PVD and TPVD steganography methods for hiding the data. Three pixel pairs are used to find differences between a reference pixel and neighboring pixels. But in PVD and TPVD steganography the gener at ed histograms have steps at regular intervals. These steps indicate that there is some hidden data. Literature survey indicates that the PVD and TPVD are not that much secure to histogram based attacks. In the proposed EPVDIS approach 3 x 3 pixel square blocks are used. Due to this eight pixel pairs are formed. Experimental results shows that it is better in terms of hiding capacity, visual quality as well as security.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
R. Amritharajan, R. Akila, P. Deepika,``A Comparative Analysis of Image Steganography´, International Journal of Computer Applications, 2010.
Abbas Cheddad, Joan Condell, Kevin Curran, ``Digital Image Steganography : Survey and Analysis of Current Methods´, Science Direct, 2010.
Han-ling, ZHANG, Guang-zhi GENG, Cai-qiong Xiong ``Image Steganography using Pixel- Value Differencing´´, second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security,2009.
R. Ahirwal, Deepchand Ahirwal,Yogendra Kumar Jain, ``A High Capacitive and Confiden- tiality Based Image steganography using Private stego-key´´, Proceedings of the Int. Conf. on Information Science and Applications ICISA , Chennai, India, 2010.
Swagota Bera, ``Steganalysis of real time image by statistical attacks´, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 2(9), 2010.
Soumyendu Das, ´Steganography and Steganalysis: Different Approaches´, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 2(9), 2010.
Pallavi Khare,Jaskaran Singh, Mukesh Tiwari, ``Digital Image Steganography",´, JERS / Vol.II/ Issue III / July- September, 2011/101-104.
Li, Junhui He, Jiwu Huang, ``A Survey on Image Steganography and Steganaly- sis´,JIHMS, ISSN 2073-4212 Vol 2, Number 2, April 2011.
Yogendra Kumar Jain, R. R. Ahirwal, ``A Novel Image Steganography Method With Adaptive Number of Least Significant Bits Modification Based on Private Stego-Keys´´, IJCSS vol. (4), issue (1).
Weiqi Luo, Fangjun Huang, Jiwu Huang, ``Edge Adaptive Image Steganography Based on LSB Matching Revisited ´, IEEE Transactions on information forensics and security Vol. 5, No. 2, June 2010.
Marghny Mohamed, Naziha M. Al-Aidroos, Mohamed Bamatraf, ``Innovative Multi-Level Secure Steganographic Scheme based on Pixel Value Difference ´, IJFCST, Vol. 2, No.6, November 2012.
Hemalatha S, U Dinesh Acharya, Renuka A, Priya R. Kamath, ``A Secure and high capacity image steganography technique ´, SIPIJ Vol.4, No.1, February 2013.
Nazanin Zaker, Shadrokh Samavi, ``Improving security of pixel value differencing stegnao- graphic method´, IEEE, 2009.
Nazanin Zaker, Shadrokh Samavi, ``A novel steganalysis for TPVD steganographic method based on differences of pixel difference histogram´, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011.
Ankita Sancheti, ``Pixel Value Differencing Image Steganography Using Secret Key ´´, IJI- TEE, Volume-2, Issue-1, December 2012. El-Sayed M. El-Alfy Azzat A. Al-Sadi, ``Pixel-Value Differencing Steganography: Attacks and Improvements ´´, ICCIT 2012.
Mubin Tamboli, Avinash Gulave, ``Improving security of Tri pixel value differencing steganography ´´, IJIEE Vol.2(4): 505-508, 2012. Gulve Avinash K, Joshi M S., ``A Image Steganography Method with Five Pixel Pair Differ- encing and Modulus Function ´, IJCA 68(1):20-26, April 2013.
Ko-Chin Changa, Chien-Ping Changa, Ping S. Huangb and Te- Ming Tua, ``A Novel Image Steganographic Method Using Tri-way Pixel-Value Differencing ´, JOURNAL OF MULTI- MEDIA, VOL. 3, NO. 2, JUNE 2008.
Sachin Arun Thanekar, Soudamini S. Pawar., ``OCTA(STAR)PVD - A different approach of PVD image steganography” IEEE ICCIC 2013, Madurai, Tamilnadu, 25-27 December 2013.
Sachin Arun Thanekar, STARPVD – A different approach of PVD image steganography, LAP Germany, 2014. ISBN: 978-3-659-61813-0.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright © IJETT, International Journal on Emerging Trends in Technology